Marketing And Entrepreneurship Implements †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Talk About The Marketing And Entrepreneurship Implements? Answer: Introducation The association has effectiveness executed the promoting ideas in its activities. It is one of the greatest cause attire recyclers in Australia with in excess of 20 retail locations and a few garments canisters. The Smith family had helped Australians with food and attire offices during the downturn in 1920 and 1930. It runs a learning forever program through which it helps the impeded offspring of Australia by giving them money related help to their instruction (Australian Children's Charity | The Smith Family, 2017). The Smith Family Recycle Operation is a piece of Smith family non-benefit association that includes the reusing division. As the affiliation continues conveying reused and new pieces of clothing, footwear and enhancements, the affiliation utilizes incredible showcasing and promoting framework that ensures that these things are moving as they are being made. The benefit they look for is the sum gotten from the deals of its reused items. This reusing movement was started with the purpose of making some salary stream for social work. An OK showcasing game plan used by the association ensures that the affiliation gets a nice proportion of the pay, which is used that helps the association in keeping the operational expenses moderately lower. Through advertising framework, the gathering has advocated the affiliation's items that has realized immense deals and a high pay for the affiliation that are obvious in their budget reports (Australian Children's Charity | The Smith Family, 2017). The site of Billabong offers definite data in regards to the surfing, skating and skiing ventures in any case, it gives less data identified with its items. Truly, this encourages Billabong to set up great associations with its objective clients since it gives one stop answer for the clients who are keen on surfing, skating and skiing. The clients who are keen on these games exercises can visit the Billabong site so as to design the exercises and buy the ideal clothing for the occasion (Choose Your Experience | Billabong, 2017). Settle declared the dispatch of Nescafe Gold Organic in Australia on May 17, 2017. The espresso was presented for the Australians who love natural espresso. The Nescafe Gold Organic is wealthy in smell and has an additional conventional smooth taste. The espresso is comprised of Arabica espresso beans that have been developed and gathered by ensured ranchers in the district of Peru. The espresso beans are grounded and broiled so as to get a dissolvable espresso that has unprecedented taste and extravagance. The organization has accentuated upon the sourcing of espresso beans in a supportable way and without making any mischief nature (Australia awakens to NESCAF Gold Organic espresso, 2017). The item focuses on the Australian youth who are wellbeing cognizant and know about the substance forms that the regular espresso goes through. Since, the cost of natural espresso is higher than that of the ordinary espresso, the organization will focus on the individuals with higher salary. The organization basically focuses on the espresso sweethearts and the people who love visiting cafés looking for solid and delectable espresso (Jaffee, 2016). Truly, I figure they will be fruitful in light of the fact that natural espresso has a few medical advantages connected to it. Natural espresso helps in lessening the dangers of constant infections and aides in expanding ones life expectancy. Moreover, natural espresso helps in improving the earth as they are developed economically. Natural espresso is developed by ensured ranchers and it is liberated from substance pollution. Another significant purpose for the accomplishment of Nescafe Gold Organic will be the positive changes in the preferences and inclinations of the Australians (Ibanez Blackman, 2016). The Australians have become more wellbeing cognizant and mindful about the concoction pollutions in the ordinary espresso that will help the move of clients from customary espresso to natural espresso. On the off chance that an organization is keen on assessing the conveyance of pay in Northern Territory or New Zealands North island, it can utilize either parametric estimation or non-parametric estimation. The estimation includes recognizing the salary disparities and destitution and looking at between the imbalance and neediness in the various territories (Byrne, 2016). Parametric estimation will be suitable as it will encourage resulting deductions with respect to the disparity and destitution gauges by consolidating provincial just as national conveyance. Unilever has proficiently used portioned showcasing approach so as to marketize their items. Unilever has partitioned its items into a few classifications, for example, food items, home and individual consideration items, cleansers and cleansers, refreshments and frozen yogurt. The organization as proficiently used segment factors, for example, salary, age and sex so as to marketize its items. The organization has dissected and contemplated the way of life of the clients so as to fulfill the necessities and prerequisites of the clients. It has separated the market into break section, drive fragment and bring home portion. The break explanation incorporates items that go about as a snacks during the breaks. The drive portion incorporates the items that are bought out of motivation. The bring home portion contains the basic things that are bought by an enormous number of clients from markets and retail locations (Unilever worldwide organization site | Unilever Global, 2017). PG has structured its promoting methodologies as indicated by the item sections. PG has 5 fragments in which it works. The sections include home consideration, child and family care, excellence and female consideration, preparing and social insurance. The organization focuses on its clients by utilizing portion promoting subsequent to understanding the requirements and inclinations of the divided markets. The fundamental compelling element for this association is that it did the noteworthy market division. Market division a well known advancing methodology that consolidates isolating the customers, who have a similar sort of necessities and prerequisites. By then, the association agrees these practically identical needs and needs so as to design the sensible makes for them. The association gives the different items class, yet in addition presents particular brands in a comparable item order (Home, 2017). For example, the association has the home consideration, child and family care, excellence and female consideration, prepping and medicinal services segment. These segments give the unmistakable ability to their purchasers to satisfy their need. Besides, the PG association did the isolated displaying in some specific fields. For example, the PG association not simply manages a couple of brands in the powder field (Bold, Dash, Tide, and so forth), yet furthermore gives these powders differentiation limits. An enormous number of customers buy the washing powder for cleaning their pieces of clothing. In any case, the customers in like manner believe that the powders have some specific limits. For instance, a couple of customers may purchase the powders depending upon their modest worth, another customers may focus on the cleanser, purging specialist or newness on pieces of clothing. PepsiCo uses situating procedures and market division methodologies suitably. It targets more than one customer area meanwhile with different things or organization groups. For example, Pepsi-Cola has situated itself as soda that preferences incredible and has an agreeably restoring impact. Regardless, Pepsi-Cola contains a high proportion of sugar and it isn't appropriate for customers that are stressed over prosperity consequences of expending carbonated soft drink drinks. For this specific customer segment, PepsiCo offers Diet Pepsi that has been situated as a delicate carbonated beverage. Diet Pepsi contains less measure of sugar appeared differently in relation to Pepsi-Cola and different soft drinks. It is fundamental to verify that PepsiCo portfolio contains 22 brands including Pepsi-Cola, Mountain Dew, Gatorade, Lay's, Tropicana and others. There are a couple of complexities among brands inside PepsiCo portfolio to the extent their dietary regard, esteeming, bundling, etc and these qualifications influence the situation of the brands of (PepsiCo's Global Websites, 2017). As indicated by the market division of the over three organizations, Unilever will hold the main position, PG with second position and PepsiCo with third position. The organizations can additionally section its market dependent on the past deals in a specific locale with the goal that they can concentrate upon a specific item on a specific area and increment their deals. The organizations can additionally contemplate the necessities and inclinations of the clients by leading a few reviews and can section the market appropriately. The overall segment patterns have to a great extent influenced the open doors for worldwide promoting. A segment of the segment slants on the planet today fuse the interest designs, gracefully examples, and outside factors. These examples, in one way other impact the execution of universal showcasing (Armstrong et al., 2015). In the interest designs, there are billions of new purchasers flooding up every year on the planet, hence the prerequisite for overall items or organizations will rise. In like manner, there are moving economics on the planet, people scarcely stay at a particular region; there is furthermore climb in computerized clients where the world has gotten worldwide through advancements in innovations. The modernization and focal point of exchange are reaching out at a higher speed, and there is a rising of the segment of noteworthy worth. In the gracefully design, there are progressively unusual information costs that are important to be thought of, and even the lack of laborers in the creating markets ought to moreover be thought of. Finally, the outer factors consolidate

A Military History Timeline of the 1900s

A Military History Timeline of the 1900s This course of events annals the military history of the last hundred or more years and incorporates WWI, WWII, Korea, Vietnam, and many different clashes. 1900s September 7, 1901 - Boxer Rebellion finishes in ChinaMay 31, 1902 - Second Boer War: Fighting closures with the Treaty of VereenigingFebruary 8, 1904 - Russo-Japanese War: Fighting starts when the Japanese assault the Russian armada at Port ArthurJanuary 2, 1905 - Russo-Japanese War: Port Arthur SurrendersSeptember 5, 1905 - Russo-Japanese War: The Treaty of Portsmouth parts of the bargains 1910s April 21-November 23, 1914 - Mexican Revolution: American powers land and involve Vera CruzJuly 28, 1914 - World War I: The contention starts when Austria-Hungary proclaims war on SerbiaAugust 23, 1914 - World War I: British powers join the quarrel at the Battle of MonsAugust 23-31, 1914 - World War I: The Germans win a dazzling triumph at the Battle of TannenbergAugust 28, 1914 - World War I: The Royal Navy wins the Battle of Heligoland Bight.October 19-November 22, 1914 - World War I: Allied powers hold at the First Battle of YpresNovember 1, 1914 - World War I: Vice Admiral Maximilian von Spees German East Asia Squadron wins the Battle of Coronel.November 9, 1914 - World War I: HMAS Sydney routs SMS Emden at the Battle of CocosDecember 16, 1914 - World War I: German warships assault Scarborough, Hartlepool, and WhitbyDecember 25, 1914 - World War I: The Christmas Truce starts along parts of the Western FrontJanuary 24, 1915 - World War I: The Royal Navy wins the Battle of Dogger B ankApril 22-May 25, 1915 - World War I: Allied and German powers take on the Second Conflict of Ypres September 25-October 14 - World War I: British powers take overwhelming misfortunes during the Battle of LoosDecember 23, 1916 - World War I: British Commonwealth powers win the Battle of Magdhaba in the Sinai DesertMarch 9, 1916 - Mexican Revolution: The powers of Pancho Villa attack over the fringe and consume Columbus, NMOctober 31-November 7, 1917 - World War I: General Sir Edmund Allenby wins the Third Battle of GazaApril 6, 1917 - World War I: The United States enters the warJune 7, 1917 - World War I: General John J. Pershing shows up in England to assume responsibility for US powers in EuropeOctober 24-November 19, 1917 - World War I: Italian soldiers are steered at the Battle of CaporettoNovember 7, 1917 - Russian Revolution: The Bolsheviks oust the Provisional Government, starting the Russian Civil WarJanuary 8, 1918 - World War I: President Woodrow Wilson plots his Fourteen Points to CongressJune 1-28, 1918 - World War I: US Marines win the Battle of Belleau WoodSeptember 19-October 1, 1918 - World War I: British powers squash the Ottomans at the Battle of Megiddo November 11, 1918 - World War I: A cease-fire is finished up consummation World War I in a triumph for the Allies.June 28, 1919 - World War I: The Treaty of Versailles authoritatively parts of the bargains. 1920s June 1923 - Russian Civil War: Fighting closures with the Red catch of Vladivostok and the breakdown of the Provisional Priamur GovernmentApril 12, 1927 - Chinese Civil War: Fighting starts between the Kuomintang and Chinese Communist Party 1930s October 1934 - Chinese Civil War: The Long March retreat starts with Chinese Communists walking approx. 8,000 miles more than 370 daysOctober 3, 1935 - Second Italo-Abyssinian War: The contention starts when Italian soldiers attack EthiopiaMay 7, 1936 - Second Italo-Abyssinian War: Fighting closures with the catch of Addis Ababa and the Italian addition of the countryJuly 17, 1936 - Spanish Civil War: The contention starts following an endeavored upset dã ©tat by Nationalist forcesApril 26, 1937 - Spanish Civil War: The Condor Legion bombs GuernicaSeptember 6-22, 1937 - Spanish Civil War: Republican powers are vanquished at the Battle of El MazucoSeptember 29/30, 1938 - World War II: The Munich Agreement surrenders the Sudetenland to Nazi GermanyApril 1, 1939 - Spanish Civil War: Nationalist powers squash the last Republican obstruction finishing the war.September 1, 1939 - World War II: Nazi Germany attacks Poland starting World War IINovember 30, 1939 - Winter War: Fighting betwee n the Soviet Union and Finland starts when Russian soldiers cross the outskirt following the faked shelling of Mainila December 13, 1939 - World War II: British and German maritime powers face the Conflict of the River Plate 1940s February 16, 1940 - World War II: British and German powers abused Norwegian lack of bias in the Altmark IncidentMarch 12, 1940 - Winter War: The Moscow Peace Treaty parts of the bargains the Soviets favorJune 22, 1940 - World War II: After a six-week crusade, Germany routs France and powers the British to empty from DunkirkJuly 3, 1940 - World War II: The Royal Navy assaults Mers el KebirJuly 10-October 31, 1940 - World War II: The Royal Air Force wins the Battle of BritainSeptember 17, 1940 - World War II: Operation Sea Lion, the German attack of Britain, is inconclusively postponedNovember 11/12, 1940 - World War II: In a challenging evening time attack, British airplane strike the Italian armada at the Battle of TarantoDecember 8, 1940 - World War II: British powers in Egypt dispatch Operation Compass which clears over the desert driving the Italians profound into LibyaMarch 11, 1941 - World War II: Pres. Franklin Roosevelt signs the Lend-Lease ActMarch 27-29, 1941 - World War II : British maritime powers rout the Italians at the Battle of Cape Matapan April 6-30, 1941 - World War II: German powers win the Battle of GreeceMay 24, 1941 - World War II: HMS Hood is sunk at the Battle of the Denmark StraitMay 27, 1941 - World War II: Following elevated assaults from HMS Ark Royal and fire from British ships, the German ship Bismarck is soaked in the North AtlanticJune 22, 1941 - World War II: German powers attack the Soviet Union opening the Eastern FrontSeptember 8, 1941-January 27, 1944 - World War II: German powers direct the Siege of Leningrad yet neglect to catch the city.October 2, 1941-January 7, 1942 - World War II: The Soviets win the Battle of MoscowDecember 7, 1941 - World War II: Japanese airplane assault the US Pacific Fleet at Pearl Harbor carrying the United States into the warDecember 8-23, 1941 - World War II: Japan wins the Battle of Wake IslandDecember 8-25, 1941 - World War II: The British are vanquished at the Battle of Hong KongDecember 10, 1941 - World War II: HMS Prince of Wales and HMS Repulse are sunk by Japan ese airplane January 7-April 9, 1942 - World War II: Allied powers direct theâ defense of BataanJanuary 31-February 15, 1942 - World War II: The Japanese win the Battle of SingaporeFebruary 27, 1942 - World War II: The Allies are crushed at the Battle of the Java SeaMarch 31-April 10 - World War II: Japanese powers lead the Indian Ocean RaidApril 18, 1942 - World War II: The planes of the Doolittle Raidâ bomb JapanMay 4-8, 1942 - World War II: US powers turn around the Japanese development against Port Moresby at the Battle of the Coral Sea. Battled totally via airplane, it was first maritime fight in which the contradicting ships never located each other.May 5-6, 1942 - World War II: US and Filipino powers give up after the Battle of CorregidorMay 26-June 21, 1942 - World War II: General Erwin Rommelâ wins the Battle of GazalaJune 4-7, 1942 - World War II: The US Pacific Fleet thrashings the Japanese at the Battle of Midway, switching things around in the PacificJuly 1-27, 1 942 - World War II: Axis powers are stopped at the First Battle of El Alamein August 7, 1942 - World War II: Allied powers go into all out attack mode in the Pacific byâ landing on GuadalcanalAugust 9, 1942 - World War II: Japanese maritime powers win the Battle of Savo IslandAugust 9-15, 1942 - World War II: The Royal Navy resupplies Malta during Operation PedestalAugust 19, 1942 - World War II: The Dieppe Raidâ ends in a fiasco for Allied troopsAugust 24-25, 1942 - World War II: Allied and Japanese powers battle the Battle of the Eastern SolomonsAugust 25-September 7, 1942 - World War II: Allied power on New Guinea win the Battle of Milne BayAugust 30-September 5, 1942 - World War II: British powers halt Field Marshal Erwin Rommelâ at the Battle of Alam HalfaOctober 10/11, 1942 - World War II: Allied maritime units win the Battle of Cape EsperanceOctober 23-November 4, 1942 - World War II: British powers under Lieutenant General Bernard Montgomeryâ begin the Second Battle of El AlameinOctober 25-27, 1942 - World War II: American and J apanese maritime powers battle the Battle of Santa Cruz November 8-10, 1942 - World War II: American powers land in North Africa as part of Operation TorchNovember 12-15, 1942 - World War II: Allied powers win the Naval Battle of GuadalcanalNovember 27, 1942 - World War II: The French armada is scuttledâ at Toulon during Operation LilaNovember 30, 1942 - World War II: Japanese powers win the Battle of TassafarongaJanuary 29-30, 1943 - World War II: Japanese airplane win the Battle of Rennell IslandFebruary 19-25, 1943 - World War II: American soldiers territory vanquished at the Battle of Kasserine PassMarch 2-4, 1943 - World War II: Allied airplane win the Battle of the Bismarck SeaApril 18, 1943 - World War II: Admiral Isoroku Yamamotoâ is murdered by Allied airplane during Operation VengeanceApril 19-May 16, 1943 - World War II: The Germans smother the Warsaw Ghetto Uprisingâ in PolandMay 17, 1943 - World War II: As part of Operation Chastise RAF aircraft strike dams in GermanyJuly 9, 1943 - World War II: All ied powers begin Operation Huskyâ and attack Sicily August 17, 1943 - World War II: American aircraft lead the massive Schweinfurt-Regensburg RaidSeptember 3-9, 1943 - World War II: American and British forcesâ land in ItalySeptember 26, 1943 - World War II: Australian comma

Since U Been Gone

Since U Been Gone DID YOU KNOW? The chocolate chip cookie was invented in Massachusetts by Ruth Graves Wakefield in 1937. She was working at the Toll House Inn when she ran out of unsweetened bakers chocolate, so she chopped up some semisweet chocolate and tossed it into her chocolate cookie recipe. I had a lot of things I was going to blog about. I was going to blog about all the stuff that happened while I was home, except that not much really happened, except this great road trip I took to Elizabethtown College with Chris 09 to see Alaina E09 and Allison E07. Despite getting lost AGAIN (Google Maps, youre on my enemies list), I had a spectacular time getting lost under the canopy of Allisons bed and checking out food options at The Jay with Alaina. Thanks guys! So I thought maybe I could display my continuing obsession with Food Network by recounting some of the best and worst moments I saw. For example, there was the delicious and healthy Rachael Ray meal that consisted of a chicken hamburger topped with chorizo and shrimp, and then crispy fries rolled in melted butter and dipped in mayonnaise. On maybe when Sandra Lee quickly estimated that you could probably get 20 or 24 1-ounce burgers out of a pound of ground beef, or suggested that you put powdered sugar on rice noodles and serve them as an Asian funnel cake. But I didnt have any screengrabs or anything. so Then I thought maybe I could write an April Fools entry, like, I dont know, CPW getting cancelled or something, but then I remembered the time that Harrisburg radio legend Ron Drake said there was a submarine sighting in the Susquehanna River and people in Harrisburg went down to check it out. While I certainly dont wield that much influence, I decided that it would be best not to chance it, even with a concurrent entry by Ben. I then remembered the best April Fools joke that I ever had a hand in playing, which was my senior year in high school when the entire class (all 9 of us) our AP Chem teacher, Mr. Richard Richard Sweger, by conspiring to drop it on April 1st. Despite the fact that half of us burst into laughter when we took the drop forms to him, and that we arrived to class 20 minutes late with a sheet cake decorated with a reaction prediction quiz, Mr. Sweger took incredible offense and didnt realize anything was up until the inevitable cry of April Fools! Thats dedication to teaching. But then I got back to South Station and found the perfect thing to blog about. So last Saturday, when I was leaving on the T at 5:30 AM, I made sure to buy two $1.25 tokens. When I arrived home after my long and peril-filled journey, I took the second token out of my pocket and set it most intently on my desk, where it sat in solitude for three weeks. I then, right before departing for Boston, picked it up off my desk and stuck it into my pocket. Not wanting to face the usual crowd coming off the train in South Station, I took the token out of my pocket at the Back Bay stop, in preparation for entering the Red Line back home. You can tell that I go to MIT here, right? So, with eight-day-old predestined T token in hand, I rushed off the train, knocked over anybody who got in my way, forsook the escalator bunching for the stairs, and made a mad dash for the gates, only to find that all the gates at South Station, which had previously accepted tokens, now only accepted Charlie Tickets. What is this, An April Fools Joke? I asked myself. Although MIT hackers are often quite ambitious, Ive heard that off-campus hacking is pretty difficult, and even with an entire spring break it would probably be hard to implement a fully functioning T-ticket system at South Station anyway without anybody noticing. I then recalled that I had heard about this system before, and that the South Station stop had been mysteriously closed when I left for Harrisburg, I concluded that perhaps the future had come sooner than I expected. SUBWAY TICKETS ARE SO STUPID. Even the crazy, futuristic swinging doors could not placate my anger, because the gates were now too narrow to comfortably fit my bag between them. Also, I now have to find away to use all the extra T tokens that I have accumulated before Charlie Ticket comes to a station near me. Now my post is over.

Alcoholism - No Easy Solution Essay example - 986 Words

Alcoholism - No Easy Solution Mike Brake’s â€Å"Needed: A License to Drink† is a well-written essay that covers the serious issue of alcoholism and goes on to offer a creative proposal to solve the situation. Brake addresses alcoholism as a â€Å"primary public health-problem† which holds merit, considering Brake sites alcohol is the cause of 19,000 auto fatalities each year. To remedy these preventable fatalities, Brake proposes to institute a national system of licensing with appropriate penalties for violators. He goes on to say that these licenses should be issued the same way as driver’s licenses. An applicant would have to read a manual, and take a written exam which would include questions such as â€Å"How many drinks would it take to†¦show more content†¦Falcone, a researcher for Saint Jude’s Retreat House a treatment center for persons with chemical-dependency, alcoholism is not a disease at all, â€Å"Therapists claim the disease concept helps the patient to understand the seriousness of [his/her] problems. But in reality, this idea has backfired. The disease concept strips the substance abuser of responsibility. A disease cannot be cured by force of will; therefore, adding the medical label transfers the responsibility from the abuser to others. Inevitably they become unwilling victims, and inevitably they take on that role.† On top of the fact that Brake thinks alcoholism is a disease he also believes that doctors should report the cases they see like they would report a case of cancer or AIDS. But if alcoholism is not a disease then why would a doctor have to report it, also why report something that can not be treated by any form of medicine. The only known cure to this day is self-help. And that does not always work. â€Å"Medical professionals are admittedly incapable of helping drug addicts and alcoholics so they pass the buck. But, because of recidivism rates and treatment failure, the buck is passed right back† here Falcone is talking about how if a doctor has a patient who is an alcoholic all they can do is get them admitted to a treatment center, but more often then not they are back again after a fewShow MoreRelatedAlcoholism Is A Problem Of Society And What Steps Can Be Taken As A Solution1200 Words   |  5 Pagesdoes. If you don’t want this happening to people you love, then something needs to be done about alcoholism. For the past two weeks I have been researching the topic of alcoholism. Today I will be telling you why alcoholism is a problem in society and what steps can be taken as a solution. First I will tell you why alcoholism is a problem and some of the effects of alcohol. The problem with alcoholism is, worst case scenario, people can die. Also if you drink too much alcohol, it can cause heartRead MoreAlcoholism : A Growing Problem1468 Words   |  6 PagesAlcoholism Alcoholism is a growing problem in today s society. What is alcoholism? Is it a disease? What are the causes of it? What toll does alcohol abuse have on individuals? American society? American economy? What kind of treatments are available to reduce/cure alcoholism? What is alcoholism? Alcoholism is a physical or psychological need for an alcoholic beverage, which is taken for non-medical reasons and produces a noticeable effect on the body (Sheen 93). People develop the need for alcoholRead MoreAlcoholism : Is It A Disease?1564 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom working normally†. Based on this definition, alcoholism is a disease. This is to say, however, the general populace can agree upon the definition decided by Merriam-Webster. Every person is entitled to their own opinion of what qualifies as a disease. The thought of alcoholism creates a moral quandary for many people. Religious and personal views can affect how the word is perceived. Mark Gold, in Alcohol Addiction Magazine, says â€Å"Alcoholism is a mysterious affliction that originates in anRead MoreThe Effects Of Alcohol On The Brain And Body866 Words   |  4 Pagesto compulsive drinking, and those who develop a problem from long-continued stress or long-term social drinking. In either case, brainwave patterns and brain chemistry are abnormal. These abnormalities lead to the symptoms and characteristics of alcoholism, which vary from person to person. The American Psychiatric Association recognizes early symptoms as: restlessness, anxiety, stubbornness and anger. This drives the person to self-destructive and antisocial behavior. The outer phe nomenology of anRead MoreAlcoholism : A Silent Killer1624 Words   |  7 Pagessubject hits home for me. Alcoholism is a silent killer in today’s society. Research proves that alcoholism effects the whole family from the inside out. Alcoholism within a family recreates unhealthy family roles in order to help adapt to living with an alcoholic. The alcoholic becomes the focal point in a family; which causes lasting effects. Alcoholism is a disease that destroy families when they are not appropriately addressed. This paper focuses on three points; 1) alcoholism recreates family rolesRead More Media Essay - It’s Time to Ban the Advertising of Alcoholic Beverages1322 Words   |  6 Pagesassociated with alcohol. Alcoholism is a disease. According to the government-run NIAAA, or the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, alcoholism has a few easy to recognize symptoms. First of all, alcoholics have an addiction to alcohol. They constantly have a desire to cons ume more alcohol. This strong desire for alcohol leads to a loss of control. Rather than choosing when to drink and limiting the amount of alcohol consumption, alcoholics are controlled by their alcoholism. This desire isRead MoreTeenage Alcohol Abuse1465 Words   |  6 Pagesfuture. Thus, to effectively solve the problems associated with teenage alcohol abuse, teenagers and their parents must work together to better understand the problem and develop mutually beneficial solutions. Cracking down on parties and other binge drinking episodes is important too. Alcoholism is caused by a number of individual, family, genetic, and social factors rather than by any one cause (Dyrden). Teenagers drink for many reasons. They drink out of curiosity, to feel good, to relieve stressRead MoreBook Analysis : The Big Book 1408 Words   |  6 Pagesinformation in a step by step fashion. It begins with Bill’s Story. The story of how Bill started his own journey through alcoholism and became a founding member of A.A. The following chapters target the alcoholic in different areas of their life. Chapter two and three talk about how, through science, spirituality, and personal experience, the founding authors discovered the solution to their alcoholic illness and the ways they could beat it. Chapter four targets the alcoholic who may shy away from theRead MoreEssay The Problem of Drunk Driving1073 Words   |  5 Pagesloss muscle tone, loss of fine motor coordination, and often have â€Å"drunken† gait. (Camping Survival, 2003). Depression and alcohol also do not mix. When people get depressed from everyday life they have the tendency to do succumb to the easy but temporary solution of alcohol. When people are depress and drink, a beer is live a potato chip, you cannot have just one. â€Å"After drinking people usually feel pleasure and become talkative at first. These feelings are usually replaced by drowsiness as the alcoholRead MoreIts Only Natural Essay1478 Words   |  6 Pagescognition is similar to a developmental timetable. Piaget’s Sensorimotor period happens during Freud’s Oral stage and Erikson’s Trust vs. Mistrust stage. The periods of these different stages are milestones in development. Extraversion, body weight, and alcoholism are just a few social and biological factors that can have a permanent impact on an individual. Ones physical appearance can contribute to an outgoing â€Å"Extraversion† personality trait. If an individual is not socially accepted at an early age,

How to Choose Meditations on First Philosophy Essay Topics

How to Choose Meditations on First Philosophy Essay Topics The exact same distinction existed between the wealthy and poor. With The Prince Machiavelli made a new type of political organization. Say what you have to say, but make your words convey just what the funder should hear to have the ability to say yes. Machiavelli claims you have to learn how not to be useful to be able to delight in liberty. Yoga is also helpful in preventing the many of the psychosomatic disieases that are mainly resulting from chronic strain and inadequate lifestyle together with lack of discipline in the food habits. The custom of Asana and Pranayama purify the body and mind and establish the feeling of harmony. The Meditation starts with the coming of the system of doubt in Meditation One. It didn't explain the internal meditation that is the center of the form. Key Pieces of Meditations on First Philosophy Essay Topics If you're going to read this book I assure you you will discover that it 's good. This book is quite organized. So, the intro part ought to be captivating enough to find the reader really interested in what you've got to say. For example, the readers can easily identify with events like dreaming and questions like the existence of God. The sole thing he couldn't doubt was that he existed. The water, itself, is an excellent thing. Well, you've certainly come to the correct location. Even if the solution is no', I am aware that you've got something better for me. What You Need to Know About Meditations on First Philosophy Essay Topics Life is the person who asks and we have to reply with our actions. The time that it takes will be different from person to person. Anything able to benefit an individual is a kind of possession to a Stoic. The cunning individual, who's daring and bold, knows how to benefit from an opportunity. Meditations on First Philosophy Essay Topics Fundamentals Explained Or you are able to describe the things it illuminat es concerning philosophy. Philosophy is observed by all things. You are able to describe philosophy in conditions of the things it illuminates. Since Scholastic philosophy was constructed on the opinions of many thinkers, it couldn't offer much in the means of certainty on any particular subject. Descartes indicates that believing in something due to the senses results in false perceptions. Descartes argues that God cannot be deceived at any particular time. Descartes is among the very first philosophers to use the term idea in today's sense. Descartes believes that we're able to accomplish certain truth when we'll doubt everything. Torturing body ache is along with the despair of useless attempts to obtain food and unbearable exhaustion, which results in hallucinations. Since the mind is wholly indivisible and bodies are easily divided, it's obvious that the body and mind are two very distinct things. Further, there's only a little portion of the human body that can impact the mind. A sensation in a different part of the body must then be transmitted via the body to the pineal gland. There's a conditional kind of happiness, joy or satisfaction because we're developing a situation of contingency. The loneliness isn't a good thing. For the little slice of short-term happiness. It plays a role of the foundation of the whole essay, which makes it a vital portion of the paper. Only then are you going to be in a position to compose a strong essay. Writing such kind of essay is apparently quite a challenging assignment for students. PaperCoach will be able to help you with all your papers, so take a look at the moment! Because of this, one needs to understand how to compose a crucial lens essay at the high academic level, since it reflects the overall amount of education of a student. The topical outline about the overall discussion of the subject region of social work is a simple supply of topics for essays on social work because it's structured in a manner that it's simple for students to locate and select certain topics. Share the details Tell us when you want to get the paper than whenever your professor needs it. You have to be wondering what makes philosophy papers different from the remainder of the writing tasks you get at college. The Meditations on First Philosophy Essay Topics Pitfall Good rating and excellent reviews should tell you whatever you need to understand about this excellent writing service. Clean money is something which you have earned from benefiting society. There isn't any point in adding features that you don't need if you're attempting to keep the cost down. Get another opinion, and request help if you need it. For him, it can't be doubted because the simple fact he is ready to doubt, understand, perceive, and deny means which he must exist. Done correctly, these five steps are lots of work. In summary, start by being who you need to be. What happens is that we start to create our own difficulties. What the In-Crowd Won't Tell You About Meditations on First Philosophy Essay Topics The budget is just one of the most significant components of your application. Furthermore, you will want to be confident that there's ongoing guidance and support when the training course is finished, to assist you develop later on. Ensure the significant budget things in your project are clearly qualified for funding. You want to provide them with the feeling which you are in a position to stretch the resources you receive to the maximum amount.

Adoption and Identity Formation Free Essays

Adoption has many effects on families; identity formation is one the most important stages that a child has to form during the ages of adolescence. It is a lifelong process but it is mainly formed between the ages of 13 to 18. Forming an identity can be very difficult for an adopted child because leaving all the struggles that they will be already facing, the formation of identity will add another conflict in their lives. We will write a custom essay sample on Adoption and Identity Formation or any similar topic only for you Order Now Parents can help adopted children by establishing a sense of identity and by exposing them to cultural background. If a child has issues or problems when forming their identity, than they might end up being in identity confusion. In this research, the main question that is going to be answered is; â€Å"How des Adoption Affect Identity Formation in a Negative way? The adoptive parents do not usually think of identity formation of the adopted child, they try to make their kids get assimilated into the new environment and encourage them to totally forget about their past which disables them to answer the question; â€Å"Who am I†. It is also a fact that the usage of drug and alcohol are seen very often on adopted adolescents. The focus in this literature review is going to be on the adopted adolescents and their process of identity formation. The main methods that will be implemented in this research will be conducting interviews, collecting surveys and making group observations. There will be many limitations while conducting my research. First of all, a detailed study cannot be done due to the shortage of time. There are also not much quantitative research groups and the participants are very limited. Solutions to these limitations could be getting started as soon as possible to not be worried about the limitation of time. Finding enough participants to complete my survey would also be helpful. Interviews are also a huge contribution and even though the sample groups are limited, there will be enough participants that are going to be taken into consideration. How to cite Adoption and Identity Formation, Essay examples

Warning There is a Demand for Change Argumentative Essay Example For Students

Warning There is a Demand for Change Argumentative Essay The sixties, was a period of growth and development for many Black writers and artist. It was a period that allowed them to come together, and by doing so they formed what is known as the â€Å"Black Arts Movement â€Å". This movement allowed the artist to free their minds, and to focus their attention on the struggles of their time. The Black Arts Movement’s focus was on Black people, the art had to have a purpose and its purpose had to be for the Black people*http://www. yahoo. com*. Poet, Haki R. Madhubuti, was one of the many artist involved in the Black Arts Movement. We will write a custom essay on Warning There is a Demand for Change Argumentative specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Like; Larry Neal, who felt that the artist is responsible to his people, to his community, and must give up the sense of Americanized (white) idea of the individual experience (Neal, Visions of a Liberated Future p. 32). Madhubuti also felt that blacks must move away from this â€Å" white â€Å" way of thinking. His poem entitled, â€Å" a poem to compliment other poems†, is a perfect example of how he felt that Blacks must change and move away from the negative influences of Whites. In fact, the theme of the poem is all about changing your way of thinking. Throughout the poem the theme â€Å" change â€Å" is broken down into stages. The first stage is about changing for the better, the second stage is about the wrong changes that Blacks make, and the final stage is about changing Black America’s mentality. The first stage that is addressed is about changing for the better. The focus is on telling Blacks to change the course that their life is taking. He says, â€Å" life if u were a match I wd light u into something beautiful. change. change. for the better into a realreal together thing. change, from a make believe nothing on cornmeal and water. hange†(stanza 1-6). The first line is about making something of your life, and in order to this some changes must be made. The speaker addresses two changes that will better Blacks. The first is to really get their lives together, in other words, for them to gain some form of stability in their lives. The second change is they must remove the false ideas that have been placed in their heads. He addresses one of the ideas as the â€Å" make believe nothing†, in other words, the false idea that Blacks are nothing. The next stage in the poem is about the wrong changes that Blacks make. These changes are brought on by the negative ideas of white America. In Madhubuti’s work he is particularly acute about charting the growth of Blackness within the individual consciousness, and charting a way out of whiteness that allows for strength and self-determination for Black Americans. He wanted to eliminate the lingering white influence on his people ( Mosher 13). During the sixties many groups with different political views were formed by White America, and these groups had influence on the mindset of many Blacks during this time. The speaker touches on these negative influences by these groups when he says, â€Å" Saw a nigger hippy, him wanted to be different. Changed. Saw a nigger liberal, him wanted to be different. Changed. Saw a nigger conservative, him wanted to be different. Changed (lines 8-10). The speaker then turns around and says,† niggers don’t u know u are different. Change (line 11). He is letting those Blacks that feel the need to be different know they don’t have to confine themselves to these white groups in order to be different because by being black they already are. .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27 , .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27 .postImageUrl , .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27 , .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27:hover , .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27:visited , .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27:active { border:0!important; } .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27:active , .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27 .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc4fafda2009d4e265e729082a8658d27:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Effects Of Divorce EssayThe next, negative change that the speaker addresses he calls â€Å" a double change â€Å". He states, â€Å" a double change. nigger wanted a double zero in front of his name; a license to kill, niggers are licensed to be killed. Change. a negro: something that pigs eat â€Å"( lines 12-13). The false idea here, is wanting to emulate these â€Å"James Bond† type figures, for example, detectives and police officers. When in reality they need to realize that these men that are suppose to protect and serve the people, are actually out there targeting Blacks. To reiterate Madhubuti’s focus on wanting the individual consciousness to grow towards its Blackness, the speaker changes his focus away from the negative changes and presents positive ones. In the last few stanzas of the poem, the speaker touches on what I believe to be the most important and really the focus of the entire poem, changing Black America’s mentality. In lines 14 and 17-19 the speaker presents his positive changes and the need to grow towards blackness, he suggest, â€Å" I say change into a realblack righteous aim†¦change, stop being an instant yes machine. Change. iggers don’t change they grow. that’s a change; bigger better nigger. Change, into a necessary blackself. In addition, to pointing out the positive changes that Blacks must make, the speaker also addresses the negative stereotypes that are placed on Blacks, and how Blacks must not succumb to these stereotypes. When the speaker says, †change nigger. standing on the corn er, thought him was cool. him still standing there. it’s winter time, him cool†(lines 26). This is a good use of imagery because it allows the reader to picture a young boy standing around the street corner. Thinking it’s cool to hang on the street corners, rather, than doing something with his life. In the long run his being cool brought him an â€Å"extended stay† on the streets, and that’s not cool. Blacks must also not fall into the classification entitled â€Å"criminals†; White America has placed this on Blacks. The speaker does a good job of addressing this when he says, â€Å"change: him wanted to be a tv star. him is. ten o’clock news. wanted, wanted. nigger stole some lemon lime popsicles, thought them were diamonds† (lines 21-22). Throughout the last lines of the poem the speaker continuously mentions the â€Å"realenemy†, and how blacks must become aware of the realenemy. It is not until the reader gets to the last lines of the poem that the identity of the realenemy is revealed. Madhubuti uses the method of repetition in the last stanzas. The speaker is repeatedly saying â€Å" know the realenemy. change. know the realenemy. change. . . know your enemy. change your change your change your enemy change†, and finally he reveals what all the changes boil down to. In the last line he says, â€Å"change change your change change change your mind nigger. It was not until the last line of the poem that the principle meaning of change really made sense. Each change was set in stages. The first stage focused on changing for the better. The second stage was focused on the wrong changes that blacks make, and the finally stage was the need to change Black America’s mentality. Each stage was leaning towards one main purpose, and that was realizing that the only true enemy that the black community faces is their own minds. Move away from this white way of thinking, and develop a sense of Blackness and self.

HIGH QUALITY CUSTOM ESSAY WRITING SERVICE

HIGH QUALITY CUSTOM ESSAY WRITING SERVICE With thousands of essay writing web-sites on the web, we consider ourselves to be number one web-site. Why are we determined to be the best? There are several reasons for that. First we are determined to satisfy our clients’ needs for high quality papers. Second, our online project was created by a team of people who like what they do and work hard as one team to create high quality custom essay writing service. Third we are determined to bring online writing service to a completely new level where written papers will be delivered within shortest deadline with high level of writing style and grammar. With essays written from the scratch, you are able to order a paper on any subject of your choice. History and geography, computer technologies and economics, media and communication, business and marketing, advertising and culture, financing and accounting, English and literature, sociology and politics, philosophy and psychology, physics and math, etc. We are able to come with appropriate solution for every client we have.

The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald

The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald The Great Gatsby is F. Scott Fitzgeralds greatest novel- a book that offers damning and insightful views of the American nouveau riche in the 1920s. The Great Gatsby is an American classic and a wonderfully evocative work. Like much of Fitzgeralds prose, it is neat and well-crafted. Fitzgerald has a brilliant understanding of lives that are corrupted by greed and turn out incredibly sad and unfulfilled. He was able to translate this understanding into one of the finest pieces of literature of the 1920s. The novel is a product of its generation- with one of American literatures most powerful characters in the figure of Jay Gatsby, who is urbane and world-weary. Gatsby is really nothing more than a man desperate for love. The Great Gatsby Overview The novels events are filtered through the consciousness of its narrator, Nick Carraway, a young Yale graduate, who is both a part of and separate from the world he describes. Upon moving to New York, he rents a house next door to the mansion of an eccentric millionaire (Jay Gatsby). Every Saturday, Gatsby throws a party at his mansion and all the great and the good of the young fashionable world come to marvel at his extravagance (as well as swap gossipy stories about their host who- it is suggested- has a murky past). Despite his high-living, Gatsby is dissatisfied and Nick finds out why. Long ago, Gatsby fell in love with a young girl, Daisy. Although she has always loved Gatsby, she is currently married to Tom Buchanan. Gatsby asks Nick to help him meet Daisy once more, and Nick finally agrees- arranging tea for Daisy at his house. The two ex-lovers meet and soon rekindle their affair. Soon, Tom begins to suspect and challenges the two of them- also revealing something that the reader had already begun to suspect: that Gatsbys fortune was made through illegal gambling and bootlegging. Gatsby and Daisy drive back to New York. In the wake of the emotional confrontation, Daisy hits and kills a woman. Gatsby feels that his life would be nothing without Daisy, so he takes the blame. George Wilson- who discovers that the car that killed his wife belongs to Gatsby- comes to Gatsbys house and shoots him. Nick arranges a funeral for his friend and then decides to leave New York- saddened by the fatal events and disgusted by the way lived their lives. Gatsbys Character and Societal Values The power of Gatsby as a character is inextricably linked to his wealth. From the very beginning of The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald sets up his eponymous hero as an enigma: the playboy millionaire with the shady past who can enjoy the frivolity and ephemera that he creates around him. However, the reality of the situation is that Gatsby is a man in love. Nothing more. He concentrated all of his life on winning Daisy back. It is the way that he attempts to do this, however, that is central to Fitzgeralds world-view. Gatsby creates himself- both his mystique and his personality- around rotten values. They are the values of the American dream- that money, wealth, and popularity are all there is to achieve in this world. He gives everything he has- emotionally and physically- to win, and it is this unrestrained desire that contributes to his eventual downfall. Social Commentary About Decadence In the closing pages of The Great Gatsby, Nick considers Gatsby in a wider context. Nick links Gatsby with the class of people with whom he has become so inextricably associated. They are the society persons so prominent during the 1920s and 1930s. Like his novel The Beautiful and the Damned, Fitzgerald attacks the shallow social climbing and emotional manipulation- which only causes pain. With a decadent cynicism, the party-goers in The Great Gatsby cannot see anything beyond their own enjoyment. Gatsbys love is frustrated by the social situation and his death symbolizes the dangers of his chosen path. F. Scott Fitzgerald paints a picture of a lifestyle and a decade that is both fascinating and horrific. In so doing, he captures a society and a set of young people; and he writes them into legend. Fitzgerald was a part of that high-living lifestyle, but he was also a victim of it. He was one of the beautiful but he was also forever damned. In all its excitement- pulsating with life and tragedy- The Great Gatsby brilliantly captures the American dream in a time when it had descended into decadence.

SLP 2 HRM - 402 CONDUCTING NEED ASSESSMENTS Essay

SLP 2 HRM - 402 CONDUCTING NEED ASSESSMENTS - Essay Example This process also helps new employees to know what the organization expects from them. Implementation of training strategies in organizations also helps in attracting a pool of qualified employees who want to join organizations that also consider their professional development. This process also helps organizations have employees who are able to support their goals, which in turn supports their growth and expansion. Training also improves the level of motivation and efficiency of employees. Finally, this process decreases the need for employees to be supervised. This means that supervisors can use the time to perform more productive activities in the organization. Employees usually need to be trained in various areas from the time when they join and organization, for example, new employees need to be trained on the goals and objective of the company. They also need to be trained on how the company expects them to perform their duties. This is crucial because organizations do not have the same way of performing tasks. New employees will benefit in terms of being able to easily perform their duties. They will be more comfortable and confident in their tasks. Training is also crucial when new processes or technologies are introduced to the company. This will help employees gain knowledge on how to better perform tasks. New technology is useless if employees do not know how to make use of them. Employees will benefit by being more efficient in their duties as they apply the new processes or technologies. The process of training is intricate and challenging. Organizations need to divide up the process of training in different separate steps. For training to be successful, it is crucial for the organization to perform a training needs assessment. This makes sure that training concentrates on an employee’s weakness in order to improve the quality and the quantity of output. With a greater knowledge of the training

Meaning of a Communication Major Research Paper

Meaning of a Communication Major - Research Paper Example However, not at all times must the receiver be aware of the sender’s plan to communicate at the time of communication. History of Communication as a Discipline While communication is part of every human interaction, no other discipline makes this behavior its unique focus. The Handbook of Rhetorical and Communication Theory by Gehrke, Pat (2009, p. 5) tells notes that communication departments deal with"†¦the pragmatics of human communication†. According to John Waite Bowers, former president of the National Communication Association, the discipline has both humanistic and social science roots. From the ancient Greek and Roman rhetoricians Plato, Aristotle, Cicero and Augustine, we have one of the original liberal Arts. In recent times academics have added the methodologies of careful social science research to study communication behavior which use epistemology, perception and social organization theory (Wahl?Jorgensen, 2004). Communication is at the same time the oldest and the newest discipline. The Department of Rhetoric was replaced often by Department of Speech in college campuses just prior to World War I. After fifty years under that name; many departments started calling themselves â€Å"Speech Communication" and currently many are "Communication" or "Communication Studies" or other combination which tries to capture both the central focus of the discipline as well as its concerns. Scholars concentrate on understanding, analyzing, interpreting, critiquing and correlating principles which account for human communication experiences and behavior Benson (1985).Concerns range from logic and critical thinking to social and psycholinguistic variables. What Communication Studies Entails Essentially, a communication major focuses on the study of rhetoric and language based on Latin and Greek, and how these could be used for the benefit of society (Packer & Robertson, 2006). Like other arts including history, archeology, philosophy, linguisti cs and religion, ancient teachings form the foundation for communication major studies. A major in communication studies equips a student with in-depth knowledge of nature of human communication. Furthermore, the student gets to learn symbol systems of communication, media, communication environments and the effects of communication. Core to rhetoric are logos, pathos and ethos (Fink & McPhee, 2005). In the contemporary setting, majoring in communication teaches one to use appropriate medium to effectively present arguments and deliver messages. Today, for example, political speeches and messages presented on mass media are pregnant with rhetoric. Majoring in communication also helps academics learn how common languages evolve over time to such an extent that they define communities distinguishing them from the one another. Some of the subjects encountered in communication major include the following: Public Address - The study of speakers and speeches, including the historical and social context of platforms, campaigns and movements, and how current speakers can learn skills and applications to their own creation and production of messages. Oral Interpretation and Performance of Literature –The traditional part of the discipline that studies literature through performance. Based on critical analysis of written text, skilled verbal and non verbal presentations the

Increasing the Minimum Wage in America

Increasing the Minimum Wage in America Raising the lowest wages in America has always been a controversial topic. The Federal Government establishes the minimum hourly wages that a worker can be paid and as such, these standards of income impact the entire nation.   These standards of income or minimum wages were written into law to control the unfair practices of sweatshops and other capitalistic, manufacturing firms. However, minimum wage laws of today ensure that the employee being paid is provided with enough money to afford necessities (Edward and Gilman, 1999).   Nevertheless, with rising energy costs, no real affordable heath-care system in place and rising fuel and food costs the minimum minimally covers the average Americans necessities. The controversy and or problems associated with standard wages stem from both the positive and negative impacts that it imparts upon society. For example, as minimum wages increase companies are less likely to hire new employees, to train or retool current employees or to off er incentives and or job advancements.   In reverse, as wages decrease firms began to experience higher levels of employee turnover rates, incidents of accidents and often are left with less qualified applicants (Doyle, 2017). Seeing that much of this countries workforce is made up of hourly employees these minimum wage imbalances typically disrupt the main source of income for many households in America.   Ã‚   Technology and various factors of life have changed over the years and has greatly advanced. However, what has remained stagnant; is the increases to minimum wages. As such, many people in America are unable to properly provide for their families. Poverty rates have increased as well as the number of the homeless, yet the Federal Government reports that our economy is improving. Nevertheless, many of this great, Nation’s citizens are unable to provide good and nutritional food for themselves and their families. Because of this we are now facing a rising epidemic of poor health and illness in this country. Due in part to the; depression, obesity, poor nutritional lifestyles brought on by poverty (T.H.G,2014). Throughout the years there has been research that has proven that workers who make more than minimum wage tend to be well and in good health. However, the Federal Government feels that by increased minimum wages create heightened levels of unemployment and that if minimum wages were increased above ten dollars per hour that these rates would elevate drastically. Truth be told, if minimum wages could increase as much as $25 an hour and firms and organizations would continue to grow and prosper because their inputs would always be higher than their outputs. Thriving companies like Amazon wouldn’t stop hiring and neither would they have to raise the prices on their goods to compensate for increased wages. Ideally, if wages were raised it would essentially grow the middle-class and low-income worker would be less reliance upon government assistance programs. As a result, hard working Americas are speaking out and protesting for a substantial increase to the minimum wages. This in essence is warranted because over the last few year’s inflation has increased however income has not. According to different reports given by the Labor Board, â€Å"2007 amendments increased the minimum wage to $5.85 per hour which took effect on July 24, 2007; $6.55 per hour effective July 24, 2008; and $7.25 per hour effective July 24, 2009.† Throughout much of this time America was fighting 3 wars, losing several companies to foreign barters, dealing with a real estate crisis as well as an extreme recession. So, these relatively menial increases were not in alignment with gas prices, inflation nor overall citizen expenses. Statics show at the beginning 2017, twenty-nine states have a higher minimum wage than the standard federal rate. Implementing a minimum wage increase would promote equality among the nation, while also paying workers a living wage which will aid in one being able to live a decent and healthy life. Despite the hesitation from employers, many American households live off minimum wage, for this reason lawmakers should increase it; which will aid American families with the ability to afford the cost of living. Problem The bare minimum of anything is less than average and as such is subpar! Minimum wage in supposedly ‘Greatest and Strongest Nation’ in the world falls closer to the wages extended to citizens in less developed countries. America is ranked number 9 and has a greater military and infrastructure than at least two of the countries that out pay their citizens. Australia which is ranked number one as it relates to highest minimum wages paid to it’s workers and citizens yet this country founded in 1901 and America was founded in 1776, a whooping 275 years earlier (Papworth, 2012). America’s Minimum wage institution was established in 1933, and upon its inception citizens were paid twenty-five cents an hour. Eventually the wages were raised regularly in the years after, with the time between increases generally ranging between a year, and up to five and six years.   On Jan 1, 1981, the minimum wage increased to three dollars and thirty-five cents and it remains at the level until 1990. The current federal minimum wage has remained the same for the same amount of time. It was last increased on Sept. 1, 2010 at seven dollars and twenty-five cents. (Pollin, Robert; Wicks-Lim, Jeannette,2016).   Currently there are eighteen other states including the District of Columbia who have a higher minimum wage than what is typically required by federal law. However, there are still six states that don’t even   participate in minimum wage.   The reason why this is a global societal problem is because approximately half of the people earning the minimum wage or less are younger workers who are under the age of twenty-five.   Many of these worked still live with their parents.   Statistic show that forty-one percent stay with their patents while fifteen percent are adults, who are raising a family and twenty-three percent are adults who are barely able to take care of themselves. Although, poverty has been a huge problem for many decades (for all types of families), government officials feel that raising wages would have little effect on these group of people. Researchers have proven that various states across America have a minimum wage that is higher than what is required at the government level.   However, the federal government gives each state an opportunity to manage their minimum wage by law, but the worker will get the higher pay of the two. â€Å"Many economists do not like minimum wage for the simple fact it puts a stop to low-income workers who essentially cannot produce enough monetary worth in their work to cover the minimum wage. Often during various years such as 2008-2012, a worker in these situations has to consider the government, by looking at one’s neighborhood, education level, race, and age (24-65)† (Greory,2014).   Another factor that could be essential to help increase minimum wage is the coast of living.   Although each state has the authority to have its own minimum wage, some states are less cost efficient than others which require more than the standard minimum. â€Å"Most of the global labor force, in any case, is the developing markets.   In addition, for some of these nations, initiating a minimum wage or raising it is unequivocally on the policy agenda. Yet, little is thought about the effects of minimum wages on labor and expectations for living standards in developing markets† (Gregory, 2014).   Ã¢â‚¬Å"The cost of living takes in to account the prices of different goods and services; whereas, housing affordability considers how expensive home prices are in relation to the median family income† (Cooper,2015). However, everyone feels that things are expensive and cost a fortune. After doing research, the states that have major metro areas (such as New York and San Francisco), often gain attraction for tourist and other perks which can make it least affordable.   If the cost of living is higher than minimum wage, it increases the ability to get another job or ask for government assistance. Statics also show that 30-50% of one’s income is spent on rent and utilities, which in some cases it is 90% of their household income.   â€Å"Although some people are rent-burdened, and cannot afford basics necessities, such as fresh fruits and vegetables; so alternatively, they consume un healthy food that eventual causes health problems†. (Tsao et al 2016). Most minimum wage worker due to the lack of income cannot afford the health benefits that they need to stay healthy. Nevertheless, their ailments worsen and often time an individual may start to have feelings of depression or feeling down about their situation, this type of mindset is also unhealthy for low income Americans. Solution A probable solution to increasing minimum wages is to guarantee basic income programs like Housing Urban Development also known as HUD.   Ã¢â‚¬Å"HUD is a public housing program for all sizes and types of families, which provides housing from houses to apartments, even for the elderly. This program was developed to provide housing and community development assistance and to make sure everyone has access to â€Å"fair and equal housing† (Reich,2015).     Another opportunity for low-income families is the government assistance program that helps provide food for low income families also known as the SNAP program. This program aids with food purchases for low-income or no income families; living in the United States. SNAP benefits cost about seventy billion dollars a year and provide for about forty-four billion people.   This number represents about fourteen percent of the population, which adds up to be $125.51 per month for each person. SNAP is one of the largest nutrition programs in American; for low income families.   After reviewing the article The Effects of Minimum Wage on Food Stamps, many government officials feel that one should not have it both ways, they should not be able to collect on both benefits. Their rationale is that if minimum wages increases, that the Snap benefits decrease.   This would have an adverse effect on one’s health or possible affect the children in that household.   Government officials have spent numerus of time on discussing the issue for the welfare plan. However; since 2014, there has been an estimated increase on minimum wages and a decrease in SNAP participation, by 3.95 percent.   These results indicate that the government is going in the right direction in saving taxpayer money (Reich,2015). Although these individuals receive SNAP benefits some households still are facing the greatest hardship and most likely face a decrease in food security, rather than people who are not receiving SNAP benefits. However, SNAP enrollment seems to increase in periods of prosperity. Another solution to increasing minimum wages could be raising the child tax credit.   Families with children could really use the extra money that is provided form the benefit from child tax credit program. Many government officials are in favor of increasing the child tax credit, they say it is highly unlikely that it would be and increase in minimum wage. However, this strategy would help struggling families with children with the benefits and necessities that they need. Although most federal governments oppose of the minimum wage law they feel that there better solution for helping workers that only make minimum wage such as the earned income tax credit.   This tax credit is set up for a person who is poor and has earn a certain about due to his or her wages throughout the year.  Ã‚   The earn income tax credit has several advantages for the poor and it favors those who make minimum wage. â€Å"One argument often made by minimum wage advocates is that higher minimum wage is necessary to prevent or mitigate the reduction in market wages associated with the labor supply response to a more generous EITC† (Neumark&Washcher, 2011, p. 714).   The standard minimum wage does not cost the tax payer any money because of the higher income tax credit. This is one of the programs that was created so the government would not have to raise minimum wages, by only creating it for low income workers, who are eligible to receive it.   â€Å"Economist around the globe, feel that training programs are criticism of raising the minimum wage it is the pay rate of low-skilled people and entry level jobs†(Neumar&Wascher,2002).   The government could install training programs that could potentially improve employee outcomes and help them to be more successful in getting a high paying job. Evaluation of the Evidence The evidence used here is all justifiable and dependable and without bias. The various of sources used here are scholarly, peer-reviewed articles which make the information justifiable. There are a few sources used here that would be considered popular sources.   After reading the article, American Journal of Public Health, the authors (Tsao et al 2016) worked with the New York Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, they referenced their work and without bias. This article helped shed light on the health of low-income families. It also helped to explain how beneficial it would be if there was and increase in minimum wage and the effects it would have on and families.   The Effects of Minimum Wage on Food Stamps, is a credible scholarly source to show how the government reasons for not raising minimum wages but should create more programs to help individuals who are suffering with low-income or no income at all.   As a result, the article proved that the government is going in the right direction in saving taxpayer money.   This article is essential to research because it sheds light on the way minimum wages affect people who are less fortunate.   It also takes a closer look at those who have to use government assistance programs in order to support their families.     Statistical data provided gives rationale for raising the minimum wage and to utilize the table of data. Once again, this source is reliable, valid and unbiased. Several of the sources provide statistical data that need to be illustrated. â€Å"The statistic from this graph clearly shows the percentages of families’ income and of those who would be affected by a minimum-wage increase on a generally low to moderate level.   Nearly, 70.7 percent of affected families have a total family income of less than $60,000, and nearly a quarter (23.6 percent) have total family income of less than $20,000. Among all U.S. families, the median family income in 2010 was $60,395† (Current Population Survey, 2010) . Some of the surveys results are incorrect due to lack of education and inaccurate information being provided at the time the survey was given. The source Neumak and Wascher, shows support on finding a solution to help low-income workers.   They were able to shed light on how poverty has affected workers which have low-incomes.   Cooper explains, the percentages of youth and adults that are targeted by the fast food industries and that have no education (2015). This source explains why the government will not increase minimum wage because of the targeted age group. Ethical outcomes of Solution Some journalists have stated negative impacts, such as turnover rates and untrained workers for small businesses if wages are increased, the positive aspect of raising wages would have, overall.   After reviewing the statistical data, it shows that mostly teenagers are targeted when mentioning minimum wage, this is because they are one of the largest group that is affected by the minimum wage, which makes it effects more discernable.   After reading the article Pay Equity and the National minimum wage, the author points out that reservation wages of younger workers, which is lower than adult workers. Citizen throughout the country have had many concerns about the status of minimums wage getting abused form primary earners in poor families, more than for the wages of teenagers and other secondary earners form higher-income families. It also raises arguments on why young workers are receiving such low pay and sheds light on the national minimum wage.   The theories of wage control vary, but details pay levels and pay dispersion; thus, proving that pay differs around the world.   These differences are based on job requirements.   Younger adults are also targeted by the fast food industries because of no job experience and lack of education.   Most young adults are just trying to earn extra money rather than trying to take care of a family.   â€Å"The average age of affected workers is 36 years old. A larger share of affected workers is age 55 and older (15.3 percent) than are teens (10.7 percent). About two-thirds of affected workers are 25 years old or older† (Cooper, 2015).   There have been numerous of research obtain to show that most teenagers will not be affected by the increase because most teenagers only work part-time because they attend school. Teenagers could also learn these lessons from many other activities or discussions.   Young adults should not just rely on minimum wage; but continue their education, which would lead to an opportunity of getting a better job, when they become an adult.   They will not only have job experience but know the value of money and how it can help provide for their families.   Ã‚  There is various reason on why minimum wage should be increase because society feels like worker are less likely to quit on higher-paid jobs. Sheposh explains how minimum wage has the lowest rate of pay that was set out for mostly the fast food industry.   The government or union negotiated and calculated hourly, weekly and monthly incentives to come up with the first national minimum-wage law.   He presents the establishment and timeline of minimum wage and how it affects certain parts of the country. States like Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina and Tennessee do not implement the minimum wage law.   According to this article each state and municipality can set its own wage.   â€Å"Minimum wage has always been a controversial issue and will continue to be an issue as the cost of living is always rising† (Sheposh, 2016).   However, minimum wage was not meant for workers to rely on as a permanent career, but to only use as temporary financial support.   There are many reasons that minimum wages should be increase for a worker. The standard minimum wage pay for participating states varies between $7.25 and 9.00; which in today’s society typical family of three people, would barely be able thrive.   However; from a business perspective, the employer gains profit by paying the workers less, but still has the exception for that worker to work hard and come to work every day.   In the article Santa Monica’s Minimum Wage: Assessing the Living Wage Movement’s New Frontier,it mentions that Santa Monica proposed a plan that would raise the minimum wage to $12.25 per hour (2005). After reviewing the statistical data of this source, it shows that many businesses would close due to the increase.   Studies also show that some business relocate, this is done so they will not have to pay the workers more money. It is unfair that some businesses cheat their employees out of money, so they can make more profit.   It continues to be controversial topic around the globe that the less fortunate or low-income community would be better if the government officials would come together and increase the minimum wage.   This would be beneficial, instead of developing various programs such as SNAP, earned income tax credit, and federal housing. It gives them a chance at a better life and helps them take care of their families, especially those who have unaffordable health issues.   It is immoral and unjustifiable to make someone work forty hours a week and still not be able to live.   Everyone’s situation is different but giving them the opportunity to take care of their families is morally right and ethical. If the government will increase minimum wages and keep certain government programs, then add the installation of training programs to benefit low-income and uneducated workers, they will have the opportunity to get a higher paying job.   In turn, they would no longer need the aid of federal programs; thus, this will be a great solution for the worker, as well as, the government. Minimum wages were set to only help the younger workers while in school, and other adults with no job experience. Many economists argue that by increasing minimum wage does not only help low-income worker, but all workers.   Conclusion While increasing minimum wage will always continue to be a controversial topic around the world, the wealthy have argued that the poor would be better off if the government officials would not waste their time trying to increase minimum wage.   They should instead, create more programs that will be beneficial to workers to help them get better paying jobs.   Some feel that minimum wage will reduce employment, but not by as much as there are so many people who want to work, but can not due to health issue, education, and various other issues. Increasing minimum wages has benefits for all workers, not just the one that the government targets like young workers, single adults, and worker who are 55 and older.   President Barack Obama has stated on many occasion that increasing the minimum wage is very essential to addressing the income gap in America. Raising minimum wage does not just help families financially, but it helps them feel better about themselves.   Morale would increase because they would be able to take care of their families and develop good morals and standards. However, it can help take care of health issues and not use federal programs, because they will obtain a higher paying job, which will carry health insurance and that they can afford. Making more money with just a simple increase can give a household an opportunity to be successful and take care of one’s family.   Poverty in America is at an all-time high and the lower-class has been affected by the increase in the cost of living. We have to find a way for government officials to make the decision to increase minimum wages. References Brosnan,  P. (n.d.). The Minimum Wage in a Global Context.  The Handbook of Globalization, Second Edition. doi:10.4337/9780857931443.00020 Cooper, D. (2015). Raising the Minimum Wage to $12 by 2020 Would Lift Wages for 35 Million American Workers | Economic Policy Institute. Retrieved from http://www.epi.org/publication/raising-the-minimum-wage-to-12-by-2020-would-lift-wages-for-35-million-american-workers/ Doyle, A. 14 Dec 2017. Pros and Cons of Raising Minimum Wage. Web. https://www.thebalance.com/pros-and-cons-of-raising-the-minimum-wage-2062521 Edwards, P., & Gilman, M. (1999). Pay equity and the national minimum wage: What can theories tell us? Human Resource Management Journal, 9(1), 20-38. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/199448047?accountid=32521 Gregory,  T. (2014). When the Minimum Wage Bites Back: Quantile Treatment Effects of a Sectoral Minimum Wage in Germany.  SSRN Electronic Journal.  doi:10.2139/ssrn.2567167 Meer, J., & West, J. (2016). Effects of the Minimum Wage on Employment Dynamics. Journal Of Human Resources, 51(2), 500-522. Neumark, D., & Wascher, W. (2002). Do Minimum Wages Fight Poverty. Economic Inquiry, 40(3), 315. Papworth, J. 26 Oct. 2012. How Good is Great Britian’s Minimum Wage? Web.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   https://www.theguardian.com/money/2012/oct/26/how-good-britain-minimum-wage Pollin, Robert; Wicks-Lim, Jeannette.   A $15 U.S. minimum wage: How fast-food industry could adjust without shedding jobs.   Journal of Economic Issues (M.E. Sharpe Inc.).  Sep2016, Vol. 50 Issue 3, p716-744. 29p. 10 Charts. DOI: 10.1080/00213624.2016.1210382 Reich, Michael.  Industrial Relations. â€Å"The Effects of Minimum Wage on Food Stamps†.  Oct2015, Vol. 54 Issue 4, p668-694. 27p. 8 Charts, 1 Map DOI: 10.1111/irel.12105. Sanders, R. H., & Williams, E. D. (2005, February). Assessing the Living Wage Movement’s  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   New Frontier. Santa Monica’s Minimum Wage:, 19(1). doi:10.1177/0891242404268705 Sheposh, R. January,2016 2p. â€Å"Minimum Wages around the World† Salem Press. Web. 26 Jan. 2016. http://www.wageindicator.org/main/salary/minimum-wageontier. Santa Monica’s Minimum Wage:, 19(1). doi:10.1177/0891242404268705 Tsao et al. (June 2016). Estimating potential reductions in premature mortality in New York City from raising the minimum wage to $15. American Journal of Public Health, 106(6): 1036-1041

The Purpose of This Study

THE INTERNET'S EFFECT ON TEENAGERS Joshua Benjamin Mr. Ferraro Cooper City High School Last Revised: January 31, 1999 INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of internet usage on a user's life. Internet addiction is a serious complication effecting America's teenagers. An abundance of support, self-help, and anonymous therapy web sites are available to the public, but there has not been much distinguished attention given to the matter by media other than the Internet.A myriad of collegiate surveys (see references cited) exhibit static results of the Internet's effect based on the participant's age, gender, race, and lifestyle. Many people find the Internet to be the ideal place to socialize with others because of it's faceless medium and effortless ways to find others with similar interests; through the many ways of communication over the Internet, the common prejudices of life are not evident. A significant issue, are the obscured inconveniences one may enc ounter during their day-to-day internet experiences.As companies ‘snaz up' their websites more and more, the user is required to wait for more data to download. The common user does not care to wait for all the attractions and wishes to view what that they come looking for, information. Discomfort is endured as the user sits, and waits for minutes at a time as a status bar slowly progresses to the 100% complete mark. Over time, slightly disturbing events such as this build upon one another and it is hypothesized that it can impose on a user's psychological health over time. Some studies emphasize on internet usage in relation to social and civic interaction.Others highlight the similarities and differences between internet addiction and other addictions. Still others stress on what the user does online and how that affects him or her. One college researcher's study focuses on Internet users' in relation to their various daily tasks. He states, â€Å"Buying products cheaper ov er the Internet is not a big concern of the questionnaire respondents. The Internet seems extremely attractive to the questionnaire participants. Only ten percent decreased their internet usage last year. More than fifty percent answered that Internet use from time to time, often or always replaces watching TV. 0% of the respondents considered themselves as addicted to or dependent on the Internet. The results show a significant difference in the answers from addicted versus non-addicted users. This leads to the conclusion that addictive behaviour can exist in Internet usage. On the other hand, the answers based on the common symptoms of addiction questions are not so strong in the addicted group that one can speak of an addiction, in which for example continued, persistent use of the Internet appears in spite of negative consequences. (Egger, 1996) Whether the Internet is increasing or decreasing social involvement could have enormous consequences for society and for people's perso nal well-being. In an influential article, Putnam documented a broad decline in civic engagement and social participation in the United States over the past 35 years. Citizens vote less, go to church less, discuss government with their neighbors less, are members of fewer voluntary organizations, have fewer dinner parties, and generally get together less for civic and social purposes.At the individual level, social disengagement is associated with poor quality of life and diminished physical and psychological health. When people have more social contact, they are happier and healthier, both physically and mentally. As one might suspect, these activities do not have the same appeal to teenagers and adults alike. The most prominent contrasts by age were not surprising. Teenagers were more likely to use the Internet for schoolwork and for getting educationally-oriented information.It is perhaps less obvious that adults rather than teenagers were more likely to use the Internet to get p roduct information, to purchase items, to read the news, and to view sexually-oriented materials. Teenagers were more likely to use the Internet to play games, to listen to music, and to meet new people. Compared to other groups, both adult women and teenage boys were especially likely to report using the Internet for advertising, for selling, and for making money. † (Kraut, Lundmark, Patterson, Kiesler, Mukopadhyay, Scherlis, Zdaniuk, Thielke, Patterson, 1998. )Some may view addiction as when a task becomes a necessary part of a user's life. â€Å"While the online experience can enrich and expand people's lives, it can also seduce the vulnerable into ignoring the real world. It demonstrates how a bright young man who is doing well in school and who has real-life friends can easily go through a period when things are more interesting on the Net than off. This is what leads him to see his online experiences as a â€Å"genuine† part of his life. He still had a life offli ne, but at the time of our conversation, events there were not going so well.From this perspective, the comment about real life not being his best window seems a bit less sinister. † (Turkle, 1996) â€Å"Frustration with the sluggish speed of a browser is about the most serious psychological pitfall that most of us face when surfing the World Wide Web. But for as many as five million Americans, experts say, the Internet has become a destructive force, its remarkable benefits overshadowed by its potential to disrupt the lives of those who can't resist the lure of round-the-clock social opportunities, entertainment, and information.For such people, work, friends, family, and sleep are replaced by a virtual world of chat rooms and games. Only recently, however, have psychologists begun devising strategies to wean on-line addicts from their endless browsing and chatting. † (Potera, 1998) â€Å"While drug and internet addiction have a lot in common, there are, of course, si gnificant differences. Drug addiction is a physical dependence whereas the Internet is not. The Internet has been called a behavioral addiction. A behavioral addiction is one in which an individual is addicted to an action and not necessarily a substance.People can become addicted to activities even when there is no true physiological dependence or physiological addiction. This basically means that behavioral addicts do not have any kind of physical dependence to the Internet. Any activity can be addicting if done to extreme. For example, some of the normal everyday activities that can be addicting are jogging, eating, sexual activity, work, etc. Everyone has heard of the workaholic, well that is a behavioral addiction just like the Internet.If it â€Å"changes your emotional state in some way† then it can be classified as a behavioral addiction. This type of addiction is actually very common. Someone with the ability to recognize what type of addiction they have is helpful, but what about those people who don't even know they're addicted? Internet addiction, like any other addiction, has signs and symptoms. One sure sign that person is addicted is if they deprive themselves of sleep in order to spend more time on-line. Usually an addict will average less than five hours of sleep.Another sign that someone might be addicted is if they neglect other important activities such as work, family and friends, or socializing in general to surf the Internet. Other symptoms include: losing track of time while on-line, or people close to you complain about the amount of time spent on-line, logging on while already busy with something else (work, family time, etc. ). These are just some of the many signs that point to addiction to the Internet. Once it is determined by the symptoms that a person is addicted, look for side effects of the addiction. † (Cochran, 1996)One individual has evaluated, to quite an extent, the effects of Internet use on a population as well as internet addiction. She has published her conclusive results on the Internet. An excerpt from one of her reports states, â€Å"Especially vulnerable, Young [Dr. Kimberly S. Young, assistant Professor of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh at Bradford] believes, are those who are lonely, bored, depressed, introverted, lack self esteem, or have a history of addictions. Research among sociologists, psychologists, or psychiatrists has not formally identified addictive use of the Internet as a problematic behavior.This study investigated the existence of internet addiction and the extent of caused by such potential misuse. On the basis of this criteria, case studies of 396 dependent Internet users (Dependents) and a control group of 100 nondependent Internet users (Non-Dependents) were classified. The length of time using the Internet differed substantially between Dependents and Non-Dependents. Among Dependents, 17% had been online for more than one year, 58% had only been on- line between six months to one year, 17% said between three to six months, and 8% said less than three months.A total of 83% of Dependents had been online for less than one full year which might suggest that addiction to the Internet happens rather quickly from one's first introduction to the service. In many cases, Dependents had been computer illiterate and described how initially they felt intimidated by using such information technology. However, they felt a sense of competency and exhilaration as their technical mastery and navigational ability improved rapidly.It is important to note that estimates were based upon the number of hours spent â€Å"surfing the Internet† for pleasure or personal interest (e. g. , personal e-mail, scanning news groups, playing interactive games) rather than academic or employment related purposes. Dependents gradually developed a daily internet habit of up to ten times their initial use as their familiarity with the Internet increased. In co ntrast, Non-Dependents reported that they spent a small percentage of their time on-line with no progressive increase in use.This suggests that excessive use may be a distinguishable characteristic of those who develop a dependence to on-line usage. (Young, 1996) Astoundingly, internet subscribers and websites continue to proliferate exponentially, as the following excerpt describes, â€Å"The Web currently has about 16,000,000 users a year, with a growth rate predicted as doubling annually. Lycos estimates some 80,000,000 Web pages currently and expects to see the billionth Web page in 1997. Advertisers seem to make money on the Web – at least those selling Web advertising.Jupiter Communications issued a study indicating that Web based advertising revenue reached $312,000,000 in 1996 and predicted $51,000,000,000 by the year 2000. (Searcher, 1997) The Internet's effect on human culture is much like other forms of technology have exhibited in the past, as one researcher just ifies. â€Å"Psychologists are not even sure yet what to call this phenomenon. Some label it an â€Å"Internet Addiction Disorder. † Let's not forget the very powerful, but now seemingly mundane and almost accepted addiction that some people develop to video games.Video games are computers too†¦ very single-minded computers, but computers nevertheless. Or how about telephones? People get addicted to those too, and not just the sex lines. Like computers, telephones are a technologically enhanced form of communication and may fall into the category of â€Å"computer mediated communication† – as the researchers are dubbing internet activities. In the not too distant future, computer, telephone, and video technology may very well merge into one, perhaps highly addictive, beast.A teenager who plays hooky from school in order to master the next level of Donkey Kong may be a very different person than the middle aged housewife who spends $500 a month in America O nline chat rooms – who in turn may be very different from the businessman who can't tear himself away from his finance programs and continuous Internet access to stock quotes. Some cyberspace addictions are game and competition oriented, some fulfill more social needs, some simply may be an extension of workaholism. † (Suler, 1996 Rev. 1998) One researcher believes the Internet is and continues to become more of a crucially integral part of our lives. There are obvious parallels today. Predictions abound about how the Internet will, or won't change the way we shop, vote, bank and think. Like the telegraph, its true effects are likely to be subtle, long-term, and no less dramatic in the context of history. The Internet may well take the telegraph one step further, connecting the global community and defining an international ethos. Yet for now, as starry-eyed internet advocates promise spectacular and immediate social change and the occasional skeptic pooh-poohs its impa ct, the Net's ability to generate hyperbole and ho-hum reactions seems to be mimicking its revolutionary ancestor.The historical similarities are instructive. † (Harris Adler, 1995) Based on the above literature, the researcher hypothesizes that interactive chat with people, probably would provoke most teenagers' extreme use of the Internet. Unrestrained use of the Internet should produce a negative effect on those that use it excessively. METHODS There were 125 participating responses which consisted of worldwide Internet users between the ages of 12 and 20 years old. The study was conducted via a survey that was available on the Internet's World Wide Web, at the address . A link to the survey was placed on a frequently visited website.Approximately 149 responses were received throughout the collection period, 24 of the 149 received were discarded due to incomplete information resulting in the 125 complete surveys used for evaluation. The survey asked questions regarding the subjects' Internet use and how it affects his or her personal life. Since the survey was conducted online, all entries were by Internet users only. Procedure: †¢ 1. Compose survey in a HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) creator. The answers should be in the outline of form functions (pop-up menu, radio buttons, selection list). Name the file â€Å"survey. shtml†. †¢ 2.Create a warning webpage perchance the viewer is sensitive to material contained in the survey, create a link to the survey (survey. shtml), so the viewer can follow it to the survey. You may want the link to explain that you are not liable if the material harms them. Name the warning page, â€Å"index. html† (the file named â€Å"index. html† is the webpage that is automatically loaded as the default page when someone visits a website). †¢ 3. Find a UNIX-based server for serving the survey webpage. †¢ 4. Upload the warning and survey webpages onto the UNIX server in your website folder using a FTP (file transfer protocol) client. 5. Download the â€Å"TECform† CGI script, available at , then upload it to your UNIX server. The program allows results to be E-mailed to you. †¢ 6. Make a request to the administrator of your UNIX server to setup the TECform CGI script for you. If this cannot be done, follow the instructions that come with the script and configure it on your own. †¢ 7. Configure the questionnaire webpage using the instructions that came with the TECform script so webpage and the program may interact so the results can be E-mailed to you. †¢ 8.Inform classmates that use the Internet, and Internet users worldwide (via internet chat, newsgroups, and any other form of advertising) of the location of the online survey and request that they complete and submit it. RESULTS The ages of the subjects that participated in the study were in their mid-teens. 98. 5% of the respondents were male and 1. 5% were female. Most of the subjects were age 16 (20%), only 1. 6% of the respondents were age 12. 89. 6% of the subjects currently reside in the United States of America (including it's external regions), there was also a scant amount of Canadian subjects (7. 0%) and an irrelevant one subject each from the following countries: Japan, Finland, Sweden, and Brazil. The subjects' unweighted GPAs (Table 1. 2) demonstrated consistency with national statistics; the mean of the subjects' GPAs were A's, B's and C's, most had a B average. Of the 125 responses, 0% of the respondents had a failing GPA (one that rounded to O in the nearest tenth). The amount of respondents with A+ and D grades were about the same; 5. 5% of the respondents had an A+ average; 4. 8% of the respondents had a D average.The study reveals that as connection speed increased (waiting time for a website decreased), the actual time spent online per day increased (Table 2. 1). An average of 5. 33 hours was spent online daily by the respondents (Table 2. 1). T ime spent online ranged from a low of 4 hours to a high of 6. 55 hours per day. Intriguingly, the poles of the subjects' GPAs exhibited quite excessive amounts of time on the Internet, about 7. 7 hours per day (Table 2. 2). Those with A+ grades spent approximately 6. 72 hours online per each day. Those with a GPA score of C spent about 6. 31 hours online per day. Subjects with D grades spent around 8. 7 hours online per day; together the C and D grades' hours averaged to about 7. 5 hours per day. Again, there were no responses with a failing GPA. As Table 2. 3 explains, about 38% of the subjects replied that they were negatively effected by their Internet use, 62% answered that they were not effected negatively. Notwithstanding, whether they said they were effected negatively or not, the subjects' context of use is very similar. The two areas of use that differed the most were chat and web surfing. 36% of those that responded â€Å"yes† and 29% of those that responded â€Å" no† said they spent most of their online time in chat. 8% of those that responded â€Å"yes† and 33% of those that responded â€Å"no† said they spent most of their online time surfing websites. The respondents that thought they were effected negatively were the ones that chatted 6% more often and surfed the web 7% less. CONCLUSION The higher speed connection one has to the Internet, the more they can do at a time. One of the fastest connections, 10 Megabyte per second (shared T3) connections are extremely costly (about $25,000 / month) and most plausibly, a subject with access to a T3 would be a part of an educational institute in which the school would pay for Internet access.Figure 1. 1 illustrates that those with higher speed connections use the Internet for longer periods of time. It is a possibility that those who get a ‘rush' by using the Internet may be prepared to invest in higher speed connections. Figure 1. 2 illustrates that those who create Int ernet media spend the most time online per day and those who read newsgroups spend the least amount of time online per day. Internet users that create internet media most likely spend their full time online doing so, as opposed to others who use multiple areas of the Internet in their sessions.Subjects that mainly chat online also spend a great deal of time online (5. 5 hours/day). This backs up the hypothesis which puts forth that internet chat instigates a habit. As Figure 1. 3 conveys, most of those who create internet media (such as websites and advertisements) do not think that their Internet use affects their health negatively, it is sound to gather that they do not believe it affects them negatively because they may consider their use as part of their job. Figure 1. 3 also indicates that those who think they are effected egatively by the Internet generally chat more often than those that browse the World Wide Web. It can be assumed that those who chat excessively believe that their Internet use affects their life in a negative way. Thus, the researcher's hypothesis is correct. This is striking, the Internet's exponential growth first began with the popularity of America Online and it's chat rooms. The Internet was not perceived to be used socially for chat as much as it is today. The majority of subjects do not think their Internet use has a negative effect on their social habits or emotional well-being (Figure 1. ). This is typical, heeding that any type of addiction is seen as an abnormality among a civilization. However, there was a definite group that believe it does effect them negatively. If these teenagers proceed with their net habits and current circumstance, a major disorder may develop over ensuing years. The study provides an awareness to the community regarding overuse of the Internet among the emerging society of adults. It points out the different components of the Internet that the majority of teenage addicts are liable to obsess on.Over use of the Internet can genuinely restrain teenagers' experiences in life, their performance academically, overall happiness, and physiological well-being. The term ‘addiction' is used loosely in this study; withstanding, society's perception to this growing problem can be flexible depending on how varieties of people view the definition of addiction. The WordNet dictionary defines addiction as, â€Å"being abnormally dependent on something that is psychologically or physically habit-forming. † One researcher has termed the study of internet addiction as â€Å"Psycho technology. The Internet most certainly can be psychologically habit-forming, becoming a part of one's daily practices. To improve this study, the researcher would have restricted the ages of the subjects even slimmer, perhaps to ages 16-18. Also, the researcher would have redefined certain questions on the survey for worthier comprehension among the subjects, in particular the final one which stated, â₠¬Å"Does your internet usage affect your social or mental health in a negative way? † A more appropriate question could have been, â€Å"Do you believe your internet usage may obstruct the achievement of your personal goals? Then a separate follow up, â€Å"If so, do you think using the Internet is worth more than achieving your goals? † The researcher suspects the results regarding daily use may have been biased because the link to the survey was placed on a website that could be categorized as directed to more advanced users than basic or intermediate. This, however, cannot be confirmed, the results stand rational. Lastly, the researcher suggests including a personal comment field in the survey, quotes of intensely effected users would be a good addition to the study.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Notably, I thank the respondents of the survey for taking the time out of their active day to fill it out completely and in their best efforts, without you, this study would be completely inaccurate and not worthwhile. Second, I thank my parents for fully supporting my interests and pursuits. I also thank Dr. Young and Carnegie Mellon University for publishing their research, studies, and links to other articles on the Internet. Thanks to Rob J. Meijer for programming the comprehensive script used to process the survey results.Acknowledgements to Apple Computer, Inc. for developing a stable system and word processor to work in without fear of losing my manuscript (though I still save the document every 20 seconds). Finally, Mr. D. Ferraro for providing an abundance of answers to my countless questions and hours of helpful input. I hope each and every Internet user finds my study helpful to their enrichment and studies. REFERENCES CITED Internet Behaviour Questionnaire and Addiction Egger, 1996 HomeNet ProjectStudy by: Kraut, Lundmark, Patterson, Kiesler, Mukopadhyay, Scherlis, Zdaniuk, Thielke, Patterson, Carnegie Mellon University, 1998. The Psychology of Cyberspac e Turkle, 1996 Trapped in the Web Psychology Today; Potera, 1998 Research Over Internet Addiction Cochran, 1996 Internet Addiction: The Emergency of a New Disorder Dr. Young, 1996 Internet/Web Growth Exponential as Usual Searcher, 1997 Psychology of Cyberspace – Computer and Cyberspace Addiction Suler, 1996 revised 1998 Creation of a E-nation Canadian Geographic; Harris-Adler, 1995 WordNet Dictionary – Version 1. 6